Authorization (v11)

The createContext function is called for each incoming request, so here you can add contextual information about the calling user from the request object.

Create context from request headers

server/context.ts

import type { type CreateHTTPContextOptions = {
    req: http.IncomingMessage;
    res: http.ServerResponse;
    info: TRPCRequestInfo;
}CreateHTTPContextOptions } from '@trpc/server/adapters/standalone';
import { function decodeAndVerifyJwtToken(token: string): Promise<{
    name: string;
}>decodeAndVerifyJwtToken } from './utils';

export async function function createContext({ req, res }: CreateHTTPContextOptions): Promise<{
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}>createContext({ req: http.IncomingMessagereq, res: http.ServerResponseres }: type CreateHTTPContextOptions = {
    req: http.IncomingMessage;
    res: http.ServerResponse;
    info: TRPCRequestInfo;
}CreateHTTPContextOptions) {
  // Create your context based on the request object
  // Will be available as `ctx` in all your resolvers

  // This is just an example of something you might want to do in your ctx fn
  async function function (local function) getUserFromHeader(): Promise<{
    name: string;
} | null>getUserFromHeader() {
    if (req: http.IncomingMessagereq.headers.authorization) {
      const const user: {
    name: string;
}user = await function decodeAndVerifyJwtToken(token: string): Promise<{
    name: string;
}>decodeAndVerifyJwtToken(
        req: http.IncomingMessagereq.headers.authorization.split(' ')[1],
      );
      return const user: {
    name: string;
}user;
    }
    return null;
  }
  const const user: {
    name: string;
} | nulluser = await function (local function) getUserFromHeader(): Promise<{
    name: string;
} | null>getUserFromHeader();

  return {
    user: {
    name: string;
} | nulluser,
  };
}
export type type Context = {
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}Context = type Awaited<T> = T extends null | undefined ? T : T extends object & {
    then(onfulfilled: infer F, ...args: infer _): any;
} ? F extends (value: infer V, ...args: infer _) => any ? Awaited<V> : never : TAwaited<type ReturnType<T extends (...args: any) => any> = T extends (...args: any) => infer R ? R : anyReturnType<typeof function createContext({ req, res }: CreateHTTPContextOptions): Promise<{
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}>createContext>>;

Option 1: Authorize using resolver

server/routers/_app.ts

import { const initTRPC: TRPCBuilder<object, object>initTRPC, class TRPCErrorTRPCError } from '@trpc/server';
import { import zz } from 'zod';

type type Context = {
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}Context = { user: {
    name: string;
} | nulluser: { name: stringname: string } | null };

export const const t: TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, {
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}>t = const initTRPC: TRPCBuilder<object, object>initTRPC.TRPCBuilder<object, object>.context<Context>(): TRPCBuilder<Context, object>context<type Context = {
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}Context>().TRPCBuilder<Context, object>.create<RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>>(opts?: RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object> | undefined): TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, {
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}>create();

const const appRouter: BuiltRouter<{
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}, DecorateCreateRouterOptions<{
    hello: QueryProcedure<{
        input: string | null | undefined;
        output: string;
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
    secret: QueryProcedure<{
        input: void;
        output: {
            secret: string;
        };
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
}>>appRouter = const t: TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, {
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}>t.TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, { ctx: Context; meta: object; errorShape: DefaultErrorShape; transformer: false; }>.router: RouterBuilder
<{
    hello: QueryProcedure<{
        input: string | null | undefined;
        output: string;
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
    secret: QueryProcedure<{
        input: void;
        output: {
            secret: string;
        };
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
}>(_: {
    hello: QueryProcedure<{
        input: string | null | undefined;
        output: string;
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
    secret: QueryProcedure<{
        input: void;
        output: {
            secret: string;
        };
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
}) => BuiltRouter<...>router({
  // open for anyone
  hello: QueryProcedure<{
    input: string | null | undefined;
    output: string;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
}>hello: const t: TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, {
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}>t.TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, { ctx: Context; meta: object; errorShape: DefaultErrorShape; transformer: false; }>.procedure: ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>procedure
    .ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>.input<z.ZodOptional<z.ZodNullable<z.ZodString>>>(schema: z.ZodOptional<z.ZodNullable<z.ZodString>>): ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined, string | null | undefined, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>input(import zz.function string(params?: string | z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.ZodString (+1 overload)string().ZodType<any, any, $ZodStringInternals<string>>.nullish(): z.ZodOptional<z.ZodNullable<z.ZodString>>nullish())
    .ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined, string | null | undefined, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>.query<string>(resolver: ProcedureResolver<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined, UnsetMarker, string>): QueryProcedure<{
    input: string | null | undefined;
    output: string;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
}>query((opts: ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined>opts) => `hello ${opts: ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined>opts.ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined>.input: string | null | undefinedinput ?? opts: ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined>opts.ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined>.ctx: {
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}ctx.user: {
    name: string;
} | nulluser?.name: string | undefinedname ?? 'world'}`),
  // checked in resolver
  secret: QueryProcedure<{
    input: void;
    output: {
        secret: string;
    };
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
}>secret: const t: TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, {
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}>t.TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, { ctx: Context; meta: object; errorShape: DefaultErrorShape; transformer: false; }>.procedure: ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>procedure.ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>.query<{
    secret: string;
}>(resolver: ProcedureResolver<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, {
    secret: string;
}>): QueryProcedure<{
    input: void;
    output: {
        secret: string;
    };
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
}>query((opts: ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker>opts) => {
    if (!opts: ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker>opts.ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker>.ctx: {
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}ctx.user: {
    name: string;
} | nulluser) {
      throw new new TRPCError(opts: {
    message?: string;
    code: TRPC_ERROR_CODE_KEY;
    cause?: unknown;
}): TRPCErrorTRPCError({ code: "UNAUTHORIZED" | "PARSE_ERROR" | "BAD_REQUEST" | "INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR" | "NOT_IMPLEMENTED" | "BAD_GATEWAY" | "SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE" | "GATEWAY_TIMEOUT" | "PAYMENT_REQUIRED" | "FORBIDDEN" | "NOT_FOUND" | "METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED" | "TIMEOUT" | "CONFLICT" | "PRECONDITION_FAILED" | "PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE" | "UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE" | "UNPROCESSABLE_CONTENT" | "PRECONDITION_REQUIRED" | "TOO_MANY_REQUESTS" | "CLIENT_CLOSED_REQUEST"code: 'UNAUTHORIZED' });
    }
    return {
      secret: stringsecret: 'sauce',
    };
  }),
});

Option 2: Authorize using middleware

server/routers/_app.ts

import { const initTRPC: TRPCBuilder<object, object>initTRPC, class TRPCErrorTRPCError } from '@trpc/server';
import { import zz } from 'zod';

type type Context = {
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}Context = { user: {
    name: string;
} | nulluser: { name: stringname: string } | null };

export const const t: TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, {
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}>t = const initTRPC: TRPCBuilder<object, object>initTRPC.TRPCBuilder<object, object>.context<Context>(): TRPCBuilder<Context, object>context<type Context = {
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}Context>().TRPCBuilder<Context, object>.create<RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>>(opts?: RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object> | undefined): TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, {
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}>create();

// you can reuse this for any procedure
export const const protectedProcedure: ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, {
    user: {
        name: string;
    };
}, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>protectedProcedure = const t: TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, {
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}>t.TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, { ctx: Context; meta: object; errorShape: DefaultErrorShape; transformer: false; }>.procedure: ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>procedure.ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>.use<{
    user: {
        name: string;
    };
}>(fn: MiddlewareBuilder<{
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}, object, {
    user: {
        name: string;
    };
}, UnsetMarker> | MiddlewareFunction<Context, object, object, {
    user: {
        name: string;
    };
}, UnsetMarker>): ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, {
    user: {
        name: string;
    };
}, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>use(
  async function function (local function) isAuthed(opts: {
    ctx: {
        user: {
            name: string;
        } | null;
    };
    type: ProcedureType;
    path: string;
    input: UnsetMarker;
    getRawInput: GetRawInputFn;
    meta: object | undefined;
    signal: AbortSignal | undefined;
    batchIndex: number;
    next: {
        (): Promise<MiddlewareResult<object>>;
        <$ContextOverride>(opts: {
            ctx?: $ContextOverride | undefined;
            input?: unknown;
        }): Promise<MiddlewareResult<$ContextOverride>>;
        (opts: {
            getRawInput: GetRawInputFn;
        }): Promise<...>;
    };
}): Promise<...>isAuthed(opts: {
    ctx: {
        user: {
            name: string;
        } | null;
    };
    type: ProcedureType;
    path: string;
    input: UnsetMarker;
    getRawInput: GetRawInputFn;
    meta: object | undefined;
    signal: AbortSignal | undefined;
    batchIndex: number;
    next: {
        (): Promise<MiddlewareResult<object>>;
        <$ContextOverride>(opts: {
            ctx?: $ContextOverride | undefined;
            input?: unknown;
        }): Promise<MiddlewareResult<$ContextOverride>>;
        (opts: {
            getRawInput: GetRawInputFn;
        }): Promise<...>;
    };
}opts) {
    const { const ctx: {
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}ctx } = opts: {
    ctx: {
        user: {
            name: string;
        } | null;
    };
    type: ProcedureType;
    path: string;
    input: UnsetMarker;
    getRawInput: GetRawInputFn;
    meta: object | undefined;
    signal: AbortSignal | undefined;
    batchIndex: number;
    next: {
        (): Promise<MiddlewareResult<object>>;
        <$ContextOverride>(opts: {
            ctx?: $ContextOverride | undefined;
            input?: unknown;
        }): Promise<MiddlewareResult<$ContextOverride>>;
        (opts: {
            getRawInput: GetRawInputFn;
        }): Promise<...>;
    };
}opts;
    // `ctx.user` is nullable
    if (!const ctx: {
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}ctx.user) {             
user: {
    name: string;
} | null
      throw new new TRPCError(opts: {
    message?: string;
    code: TRPC_ERROR_CODE_KEY;
    cause?: unknown;
}): TRPCErrorTRPCError({ code: "UNAUTHORIZED" | "PARSE_ERROR" | "BAD_REQUEST" | "INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR" | "NOT_IMPLEMENTED" | "BAD_GATEWAY" | "SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE" | "GATEWAY_TIMEOUT" | "PAYMENT_REQUIRED" | "FORBIDDEN" | "NOT_FOUND" | "METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED" | "TIMEOUT" | "CONFLICT" | "PRECONDITION_FAILED" | "PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE" | "UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE" | "UNPROCESSABLE_CONTENT" | "PRECONDITION_REQUIRED" | "TOO_MANY_REQUESTS" | "CLIENT_CLOSED_REQUEST"code: 'UNAUTHORIZED' });
    }

    return opts: {
    ctx: {
        user: {
            name: string;
        } | null;
    };
    type: ProcedureType;
    path: string;
    input: UnsetMarker;
    getRawInput: GetRawInputFn;
    meta: object | undefined;
    signal: AbortSignal | undefined;
    batchIndex: number;
    next: {
        (): Promise<MiddlewareResult<object>>;
        <$ContextOverride>(opts: {
            ctx?: $ContextOverride | undefined;
            input?: unknown;
        }): Promise<MiddlewareResult<$ContextOverride>>;
        (opts: {
            getRawInput: GetRawInputFn;
        }): Promise<...>;
    };
}opts.next: <{
    user: {
        name: string;
    };
}>(opts: {
    ctx?: {
        user: {
            name: string;
        };
    } | undefined;
    input?: unknown;
}) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<{
    user: {
        name: string;
    };
}>> (+2 overloads)next({
      ctx?: {
    user: {
        name: string;
    };
} | undefinedctx: {
        // ✅ user value is known to be non-null now
        user: const ctx: {
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}ctx.user: {
    name: string;
}user,        
user: {
    name: string;
}
      },
    });
  },
);

const t: TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, {
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}>t.TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, { ctx: Context; meta: object; errorShape: DefaultErrorShape; transformer: false; }>.router: RouterBuilder
<{
    hello: QueryProcedure<{
        input: string | null | undefined;
        output: string;
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
    admin: BuiltRouter<{
        ctx: Context;
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
        transformer: false;
    }, DecorateCreateRouterOptions<{
        secret: QueryProcedure<{
            input: void;
            output: {
                secret: string;
            };
            meta: object;
            errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
        }>;
    }>>;
}>(_: {
    hello: QueryProcedure<{
        input: string | null | undefined;
        output: string;
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
    admin: BuiltRouter<{
        ctx: Context;
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
        transformer: false;
    }, DecorateCreateRouterOptions<{
        secret: QueryProcedure<{
            input: void;
            output: {
                secret: string;
            };
            meta: object;
            errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
        }>;
    }>>;
}) => BuiltRouter<...>router({
  // this is accessible for everyone
  hello: QueryProcedure<{
    input: string | null | undefined;
    output: string;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
}>hello: const t: TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, {
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}>t.TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, { ctx: Context; meta: object; errorShape: DefaultErrorShape; transformer: false; }>.procedure: ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>procedure
    .ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>.input<z.ZodOptional<z.ZodNullable<z.ZodString>>>(schema: z.ZodOptional<z.ZodNullable<z.ZodString>>): ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined, string | null | undefined, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>input(import zz.function string(params?: string | z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.ZodString (+1 overload)string().ZodType<any, any, $ZodStringInternals<string>>.nullish(): z.ZodOptional<z.ZodNullable<z.ZodString>>nullish())
    .ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined, string | null | undefined, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>.query<string>(resolver: ProcedureResolver<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined, UnsetMarker, string>): QueryProcedure<{
    input: string | null | undefined;
    output: string;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
}>query((opts: ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined>opts) => `hello ${opts: ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined>opts.ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined>.input: string | null | undefinedinput ?? opts: ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined>opts.ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, object, string | null | undefined>.ctx: {
    user: {
        name: string;
    } | null;
}ctx.user: {
    name: string;
} | nulluser?.name: string | undefinedname ?? 'world'}`),
  admin: BuiltRouter<{
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}, DecorateCreateRouterOptions<{
    secret: QueryProcedure<{
        input: void;
        output: {
            secret: string;
        };
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
}>>admin: const t: TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, {
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}>t.TRPCRootObject<Context, object, RuntimeConfigOptions<Context, object>, { ctx: Context; meta: object; errorShape: DefaultErrorShape; transformer: false; }>.router: RouterBuilder
<{
    secret: QueryProcedure<{
        input: void;
        output: {
            secret: string;
        };
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
}>(_: {
    secret: QueryProcedure<{
        input: void;
        output: {
            secret: string;
        };
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
}) => BuiltRouter<{
    ctx: Context;
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    transformer: false;
}, DecorateCreateRouterOptions<{
    secret: QueryProcedure<{
        input: void;
        output: {
            secret: string;
        };
        meta: object;
        errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
    }>;
}>>router({
    // this is accessible only to admins
    secret: QueryProcedure<{
    input: void;
    output: {
        secret: string;
    };
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
}>secret: const protectedProcedure: ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, {
    user: {
        name: string;
    };
}, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>protectedProcedure.ProcedureBuilder<Context, object, { user: { name: string; }; }, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, false, DefaultErrorShape>.query<{
    secret: string;
}>(resolver: ProcedureResolver<Context, object, {
    user: {
        name: string;
    };
}, UnsetMarker, UnsetMarker, {
    secret: string;
}>): QueryProcedure<{
    input: void;
    output: {
        secret: string;
    };
    meta: object;
    errorShape: DefaultErrorShape;
}>query((opts: ProcedureResolverOptions<Context, object, {
    user: {
        name: string;
    };
}, UnsetMarker>opts) => {
      return {
        secret: stringsecret: 'sauce',
      };
    }),
  }),
});